Packaging can often consist of different types of plastic, such as PET, PP, PS, and PE, each with its own properties and recycling options.
PET (polyethylene terephthalate) is often used for drink bottles or trays and is one of the most widely used recycled plastics. It can be mechanically recycled by shredding, cleaning, and reshaping it into new products such as bottles or cups. Recycled PET is readily available compared to other types of plastic, making it a popular material for recycled plastic packaging.
PP (polypropylene) is also widely available and used in a variety of packaging applications. PP can also be mechanically recycled, but usually not for food use, but mostly for the non-food sector. In chemical recycling, the polymer is broken down into its basic building blocks, which can then be used to produce new plastics. Chemically recycled PP is likely to be used for food applications.
PE (polyethylene) is characterized by its flexibility, durability, and chemical resistance, which makes it a popular material for rigid plastic packaging. It is often used in containers, bottles, and canisters as it is suitable for food and non-food products. PE is cleaned, shredded, and processed into new products in mechanical recycling.
PS (polystyrene) is often used in disposable food packaging, such as yogurt cups. Although it is still less frequently recycled than other types of plastic, there are also opportunities for the mechanical recycling of PS. These opportunities are also increasing since PS packaging makes up a large proportion of the volume.
The diversity of materials offers a wide range of recycling options, which allow us to use resources more efficiently and reduce waste.